Backward or Backwards: Which is Correct?

Ever stumbled on whether to say backward or backwards? This tiny spelling difference hides a deeper grammar twist. Let’s break it down fast and clearly.

Quick Overview

Quick Summary

Both words are used as adverbs meaning “toward the rear” and “in reverse.” While the American English speaker would prefer “backward,” the British English speaker would find “backwards” more common. The adjective form, however, is standardly used only as “backward.“

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Backward vs. Backwards in a Nutshell

• American English specifies “backward” for both the adjective and adverb forms. British English would often prefer “backwards” as the adverb; “backward” is the adjective.

Why Is There Confusion?

Confusion arises due to the varying regional rules and the word “backward” being acceptable as an adjective and adverb. The form “backwards” also fits the other British “-s” directional adverbs like “forwards” and “towards.”

Definitions & Grammar

Backward and Backwards: Definition, Parts of Speech, and Pronunciation

• Backward: Can be an adjective or adverb.
  
• Backwards: Primarily used as an adverb.

Part of Speech

• Backward: Adjective (e.g., “a backward glance”) and adverb (e.g., “move backward”).
  
• Backwards: Adverb only (e.g., “walk backwards”).
  

What Does the Word “Backward” Mean?

AsThe adjective “backward” refers to something oriented toward the back of something or toward the less developed side. The adverb “backward” refers to a movement in the reverse direction.

What Does the Word “Backwards” Mean?

“Backwards” is used as an adverb to describe a case of movement that is to move in reverse. It is not an adjective.

“Backward” vs “Backwards”: The Differences

• In terms of use: “Backward” is favored in both American and British English but with a difference in preference.

• As for formality: “Backward” is more formal; “backwards” is more informal.

• Adjective Usage: Only “backward” is used as the adjective.
• Usage & Examples

How Do You Use the Word “Backward” in a Sentence?

• “She took a backward step.”
  
• “His backward glance revealed his nervousness.

How Do You Use the Word “Backwards” in a Sentence?

• “He walked backwards to avoid the puddle.”
  
• “The car moved backwards slowly.

Examples in Context

• “The child looked backward at the playground.”
  
• “The dancer moved backwards gracefully.”
  

Examples with “Backward”

• “The backward policies hindered progress.”
  
• “She gave a backward glance before leaving.

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The Examples with “Backwards”

• “He stepped backwards to avoid the obstacle.”
  
• “The team moved backwards in the rankings.”
  

Examples of Backward and Backwards in a Sentence

• “They moved backward as the storm approached.”
  
• “She danced backwards during the performance.”

Regional Differences

Regional Preferences

• American English: Reserves both adjectives and adverbs for “backward.”
• British English: Uses “backward” as an adjective and “backwards” as an adverb.

British English Words Ending in ‘-s’ vs American English

While British English tends to put on “-s” to the directional adverb (e.g., “forwards,” “backwards”), American English omits that from the same-said words (e.g., “forward,” “backward”).

Synonyms & Related Terms

Synonyms and Similar Terms to “Backward” and “Backwards”

• Rearward: Directed toward the rear.
  
• Reverse: Opposite direction.
  
• Reversed: Turned in the opposite direction.
  
• In Reverse: Moving backward.More Specific Alternatives

• Retrograde: Moving backward or returning to an earlier state.
  
• Retreating: Moving away from a position.

Word Origins

Origins of “Backward” and “Backwards”

• Backward: Derived from Old English “bacweard,” combining “back” and “weard” (meaning toward).
  
• Backwards: Evolved by adding the “-s” suffix, aligning with other directional adverbs in English.

Origins of “Backward”

“Backward” has been used since the 14th century, primarily as an adjective.

Origins of “Backwards”

“Backwards” emerged later, influenced by the pattern of adding “-s” to adverbs.

Usage Guidance

Which One Should You Use: “Backward” or “Backwards”?

• American English: Use “backward” for both adjective and adverb.
  
• British English: Use “backward” as an adjective; “

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FAQ’S

Is “backward” or “backwards” correct in American English?

In American English, “backward” is preferred for both adjectives and adverbs. The form “backwards” is less commonly used.

Can “backward” be used as an adjective?

Yes, “backward” functions as an adjective, describing something regressive or behind in development (e.g., “a backward society”).

Is “backwards” used in British English?

Yes, “backwards” is the standard adverbial form in British English (e.g., “He walked backwards”).

Are “backward” and “backwards” interchangeable?

As adverbs, they often mean the same thing, but usage depends on regional preferences. As an adjective, only “backward” is correct.

Which should I use in formal writing?

Use “backward” in formal American English writing. For British English, use “backward” as an adjective and “backwards” as an adverb.

Conclusion

Choosing between “backward” and “backwards” depends on your audience and the context. In American English, “backward” is correct for both adjectives and adverbs, while British English prefers “backwards” as an adverb.

Only “backward” is used as an adjective in both styles. Though the difference is minor, consistency in usage shows language awareness. So, when asking, “Backward or Backwards: Which is Correct?”—the answer lies in location and grammar. Always match your choice to the sentence’s function and your regional preference.

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